Invited review: The preterm pig as a model in pediatric gastroenterology
Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Review › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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Invited review : The preterm pig as a model in pediatric gastroenterology. / Sangild, Per Torp; Thymann, Thomas; Schmidt, Mette; Stoll, Barbara; Burrin, Douglas G; Buddington, R K.
I: Journal of Animal Science, Bind 91, Nr. 10, 2013, s. 4713-4729.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Review › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Invited review
T2 - The preterm pig as a model in pediatric gastroenterology
AU - Sangild, Per Torp
AU - Thymann, Thomas
AU - Schmidt, Mette
AU - Stoll, Barbara
AU - Burrin, Douglas G
AU - Buddington, R K
N1 - CURIS 2013 NEXS 221
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - At birth, the newborn mammal undergoes a transition from a sterile uterine environment with a constant nutrient supply, to a microbe rich environment with intermittent oral intake of complex milk nutrients via the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). These functional challenges partly explain the relatively high morbidity and mortality of neonates. Preterm birth interrupts prenatal organ maturation, including that of the GIT, and increases disease risk. Exemplary is necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) which is associated closely with GIT immaturity, enteral feeding and bacterial colonization. Infants with NEC may require resection of the necrotic parts of the intestine, leading to short bowel syndrome (SBS), characterised by reduced digestive capacity, fluid loss, and dependency on parenteral nutrition. This review presents the preterm pig as a translational model in pediatric gastroenterology that has provided new insights into important pediatric diseases such as NEC and SBS. We describe protocols for delivery, care, and handling of preterm pigs, and show how the immature GIT responds to delivery method and different nutritional and therapeutic interventions. The preterm pig may also provide a sensitive model for postnatal adaptation of weak term piglets showing high mortality. Attributes of the preterm pig model include close similarities with preterm infants in body size, organ development, and many clinical features, thereby providing a translational advantage relative to rodent models of GIT immaturity. On the other hand, the need for a sow surgical facility, a piglet intensive care unit, and clinically trained personnel may limit widespread use of preterm pigs. Studies on organ adaptation in preterm pigs help to identify the physiological basis of neonatal survival for hypersensitive newborns and aid in defining the optimal diet and rearing conditions during the critical neonatal period.
AB - At birth, the newborn mammal undergoes a transition from a sterile uterine environment with a constant nutrient supply, to a microbe rich environment with intermittent oral intake of complex milk nutrients via the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). These functional challenges partly explain the relatively high morbidity and mortality of neonates. Preterm birth interrupts prenatal organ maturation, including that of the GIT, and increases disease risk. Exemplary is necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) which is associated closely with GIT immaturity, enteral feeding and bacterial colonization. Infants with NEC may require resection of the necrotic parts of the intestine, leading to short bowel syndrome (SBS), characterised by reduced digestive capacity, fluid loss, and dependency on parenteral nutrition. This review presents the preterm pig as a translational model in pediatric gastroenterology that has provided new insights into important pediatric diseases such as NEC and SBS. We describe protocols for delivery, care, and handling of preterm pigs, and show how the immature GIT responds to delivery method and different nutritional and therapeutic interventions. The preterm pig may also provide a sensitive model for postnatal adaptation of weak term piglets showing high mortality. Attributes of the preterm pig model include close similarities with preterm infants in body size, organ development, and many clinical features, thereby providing a translational advantage relative to rodent models of GIT immaturity. On the other hand, the need for a sow surgical facility, a piglet intensive care unit, and clinically trained personnel may limit widespread use of preterm pigs. Studies on organ adaptation in preterm pigs help to identify the physiological basis of neonatal survival for hypersensitive newborns and aid in defining the optimal diet and rearing conditions during the critical neonatal period.
U2 - 10.2527/jas.2013-6359
DO - 10.2527/jas.2013-6359
M3 - Review
C2 - 23942716
VL - 91
SP - 4713
EP - 4729
JO - Journal of Animal Science
JF - Journal of Animal Science
SN - 0021-8812
IS - 10
ER -
ID: 50207783